Gender-based
violence is a world wide problem that cuts across ethnic, racial,
socio-economic, and religious lines, and knows no borders. Violence
against women and girls affects Uganda just as it does other nations.
A July 2012 study by the Centre for Basic Research, found that 70 percent of women
interviewed in Eastern and Northern Uganda were being beaten by their
husbands. Of those women, 17 percent
reported being raped.
Physical
violence, including from an intimate partner, vastly increases a woman’s risk
for serious medical conditions – including reproductive health problems,
miscarriages, and sexually transmitted diseases.
Yet, when women
and girls can live free from violence and are afforded equal opportunities in
education, healthcare, employment and political participation, they lift up
their families, their communities and their nations, and act as agents of
change.
16 Days of Activism against Gender-Based Violence
By
Deputy Chief of Mission Virginia Blaser
Sixteen. This
number has special meaning for many young women in the United States who look
forward to their “sweet sixteen” birthday party. Many American parents see this milestone as
the bittersweet moment when their little girl begins to move toward adulthood,
with new responsibilities, opportunities, and challenges.
As of 2010, the number
16 has also become associated with a movement to combat violence against women
known as "16 Days of Activism against Gender Violence." The
movement, which is book ended by November
25, the International Day for the Elimination of Violence Against Women
(IDEVAW), and December 10, International Human Rights Day, offers all of us an
opportunity to renew our commitment to free women and girls from violence,
whether it happens behind closed doors or as a public tactic of intimidation. Whether it occurs in our own neighborhood or
on distant shores, violence against women and girls damages us all - men and
women alike.
Gender-based
violence is a global pandemic that cuts across ethnic, racial, socio-economic,
and religious lines, and knows no borders.
Violence against women and girls affects Uganda just as it does the
United States and every other nation.
Gender-based violence includes physical, sexual, and psychological
abuse; threats; coercion; arbitrary deprivation of liberty; and economic
deprivation, whether occurring in public or private life. Types of gender-based violence can include
female infanticide; child sexual abuse; sex trafficking and forced labor;
sexual coercion and abuse; neglect; domestic violence; elder abuse. I also call attention to and decry harmful
traditional practices such as early and forced marriage, “honor” killings,
female genital mutilation/cutting and gender-biased sex selection.
One in three women
around the world will experience some form of gender-based violence in her
lifetime, including intimate partner violence - the most common form of
violence. In a study by the Center for
Basic Research in July 2012, 70 percent of women interviewed in Eastern and Northern
Uganda reported being beaten by their husbands.
Of those women, 17 percent reported being raped.
Physical violence, including from an intimate partner, vastly
increases a woman’s risk for serious medical conditions – including reproductive
health problems, miscarriages, and sexually transmitted diseases.
Country
studies indicate that the risk of HIV among women who have experienced violence
may be up to three times higher than among those who have not.
Violence against
women and girls is not just a gender or economic issue but one encompassing
international human rights and national security. We need laws in place to criminalize such
acts. These laws need to be enforced and
hold people accountable, since impunity too often helps to fuel the
violence.
We all need to work
together—the international community, governments, multilateral organizations,
and grassroots-level advocates to address and prevent violence from
occurring. Many nations, including
Uganda, have passed legislation addressing gender-based violence. The next
critical step is to work together to improve implementation of those laws in
order to increase accountability and address impunity. We need increased advocacy and more
interaction between policy makers and those who work in the field. We need to empower girls to speak up for
themselves, and educate boys to speak up for their sisters. We must support the inclusion of men, boys,
and other critical community stakeholders – such as religious leaders – in
addressing and preventing violence and changing gender attitudes. We must ultimately overcome the deep-rooted
gender inequalities that either tacitly allow or actively promote violent,
discriminatory practices.
I
was inspired to learn that more than 30 organizations throughout Uganda are
participating in this global campaign to end gender-based violence and I was impressed
to see many of them organizing community events, such as plays and debates, to
raise awareness on this issue. Everyone
pulling together to address this issue in a constructive, positive manner is the
best way forward.
U.S.
Government Leadership
The United States
has made gender equality and women’s empowerment a core focus of our foreign
policy. Evidence demonstrates that
women’s empowerment is critical to building stable, democratic societies; to
supporting open and accountable governance; to further international peace and
security; to growing vibrant market economies; and to addressing pressing
health and educational challenges
When
women and girls can live free from violence and are afforded equal
opportunities in education, healthcare, employment and political participation,
they lift up their families, their communities and their nations, and act as
agents of change. As Secretary Clinton has stated, “Investing in the potential
of the world’s women and girls is one of the surest ways to achieve global
economic progress, political stability, and greater prosperity for women – and
men – the world over.”
As a core
principle, the United States has made significant progress in its efforts to
address gender-based violence around the world, through the development of the
U.S. National Action Plan on Women, Peace and Security; the Gender-based
Violence Scale-Up Initiative and Evaluation of the President's Emergency Plan
for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR); the work of the President’s Interagency Task Force to
Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons; and efforts to incorporate
gender-based violence programming into humanitarian response activities.
Most recently, in
August 2012, the United States was proud to release its first-ever Strategy to
Prevent and Respond to Gender-Based Violence Globally, along with an Executive
Order signed by President Obama directing its implementation. This strategy brings the whole of the U.S.
government together to indentify, coordinate, integrate and leverage U.S.
efforts and resources around the world.
As a representative
of the U.S. government and a woman, I look forward to the time when all girls
and women, the world over, are treated equally and fairly, when gender-based
violence is an issue of the past. As a
mother, I personally look forward to the day when everyone's daughters have a
"sweet sixteen" birthday filled with joy and happiness, a day when 16
Days of Activism against Gender Violence is no longer needed because every
little girl has been given the opportunity to grow up to become a powerful, accomplished,
intelligent woman.
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